Please remember:

　　Stress is the triggering cause and the culprit behind every disease outbreak.

　　Every infectious disease outbreak is preceded by mistakes in husbandry management and immunization.

　　I. First day of age at onset: 4-7 days of age

　　Management measures to support treatment:

　　a. Increase the house temperature by 1-2 degrees Celsius and keep humidity at a normal level.

　　b. Improve the air quality inside the house as appropriate.

　　c. Select severely ill chickens for culling. Those that can be treated individually should receive individual treatments such as oral dosing or intramuscular injections; birds with no prospect of recovery should be culled promptly.

　　d. Providing high-quality liquid vitamins during treatment helps the birds recover from the disease and restore their physical condition.

　　e. During an outbreak, it is essential to disinfect the birds in the poultry house to reduce the pathogen load inside and lower the infection rate. Experience over many years has shown that this practice is not futile. Disinfect the birds strictly according to the requirements; otherwise, it may have the opposite effect. The disinfectant solution must be warmer than room temperature, and the required volume of solution per square meter must reach 40 milliliters for the treatment to be effective.

　　Precautions for the 1-7-day age stage:

　　a. When chicks arrive at the house, the relative humidity inside should be increased. Chicks may get their feathers wet when they start drinking, so electrolyte solution should be added to the drinking water.

　　b. If one-day-old chicks have swollen abdomens and fluffy feathers, with visibly poor yolk absorption, raise the house temperature by 1 degrees Celsius. Do not add glucose to the drinking water. Maintain moderate humidity in the house.

　　c. Maintain a constant brooding temperature.

　　II. Second age at disease onset: 7--14 days of age.

　　Management measures to accompany treatment:

　　During treatment, it is recommended to disinfect the flock and strengthen environmental management inside the chicken house by increasing humidity and reducing harmful gas levels. Mix vitamin A into the feed to repair damaged respiratory mucosa.

　　At 7-14 days of age, pay attention to the following:

　　(1), During ventilation, take care to prevent chicks’ abdomens from getting chilled, which can cause diarrhea and feed passage. The digestive system disorder caused by this stress, and the resulting digestive symptoms, are the most difficult to cure; antibiotics and ecological preparations cannot restore normal function.

　　(2), During the molting stage, pay attention to humidity in the chicken house. There is more down and other dust inside the house, which irritates the respiratory system and creates favorable conditions for respiratory diseases to occur.

　　(3), Catching chickens for immunization can cause physiological and psychological stress responses. Appropriate supplementation with high-quality vitamins can help reduce the stress response.

　　(4), When diluting a vaccine for immunization, do not open the vaccine vial cap directly. Use a syringe to draw up the diluent and inject it directly into the vaccine vial. If the diluent is drawn in, this indicates that the vial stopper is airtight. If the diluent is pushed in, this indicates that the vial stopper is leaking, the vaccine potency is reduced, and the immunization effect is affected.

　　Three. The third age at disease onset: 21-35 days of age

　　Auxiliary measures:

　　Repair damaged respiratory mucosa; anti-septicemia—VA, VC

　　Raise the house temperature and increase ventilation—let the chickens breathe freely

　　Strengthen disinfection while the chickens are in the house—reduce the microbial load inside the house

　　Symptom two: The flock shows persistent respiratory disease, manifested by snicking, coughing, shrill cries, strange calls, etc. The head is swollen, the eyelids are swollen, the eyes become deformed and elongated, and eye discharge increases. Yellow-white loose droppings are passed. Sick chickens appear every day. In the early stage of the disease, feed and water intake do not change much. At the peak of the disease, body temperature rises, appetite decreases, and water intake increases.

　　Typical necropsy symptoms:

　　(1), hemorrhage at the edge of the pancreas; the edge of the pancreas on the dorsal side is most conspicuous, and it is atrophied into an S shape.

　　(2), the spleen is swollen and purplish, with hemorrhages or small areas of punctate necrosis appearing on the surface.

　　(3), there is effusion in the body cavity; in severe cases, it may be bloody. (Distinguish fungal disease from chronic poisoning: the liver becomes hardened.)

　　(4), septicemia throughout the body; symptoms (the entire body-cavity wall turns pale red)

　　(5), the edges of the liver turn black, with necrotic lesions and green discoloration (colored liver); it becomes brittle and breaks easily

　　(6), the lungs show severe hemorrhage, such as black lung or gray lung.

　　(7), the kidneys are enlarged and hemorrhagic, and may even have a mottled appearance.

　　(8), pericarditis, perihepatitis, airsacculitis, and peritonitis (appears after 2 days)

　　(9), diffuse, streak-like and pinpoint hemorrhages on the serosa outside the proventriculus and gizzard.

　　(10) Mild hemorrhage or purulent secretions in the bursa of Fabricius are called “influenza bursa” (distinguish from the bursa of Fabricius). The gallbladder is swollen, and bile flows backward.

　　(11), viral plaques appear from the duodenum to the rectum (note: perform differential diagnosis to distinguish these symptoms from those caused by coccidia and anaerobic bacteria).

　　Helpful tip: When sick chickens are not eating or drinking, individual injection treatment is recommended; it can rapidly reduce the mortality rate.